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The Keoladeo Ghana National Park or Bharatpur Bird Sanctuary
lies between two of India's most historic cities, Agra and
Jaipur. This north Indian sanctuary is situated in the country's
northwestern state of Rajasthan, about 190 km from the national
capital of Delhi.
The name Keoladeo is derived from the name of an ancient Hindu
temple devoted to Lord Shiva in the sanctuary. s central zone
while the Hindi term 'Ghana' implies dense, thick areas of
forest cover.
A paradise for the avian world, and the pilgrimage for the
bird lovers, it was known as the best duck shooting reserve
in the British Empire. But was declared a reserve for birds
in 1956 and later upgraded to National Park. UNESCO has listed
it as a world heritage site. The geographical location is
ideal as it is on the main North-South avian route of India.
Although small in size, 29 sq. km, it boasts to house more
than 375 species of beautiful birds, and more than 132 of
them breed inside the Keoladeo Ghana National Park and nearly
every year new ones are added to the list.
The sanctuary not only attracts birds from India but also
from places like Europe, Siberia, China and Tibet. Before
monsoons resident bird's activity starts on the babool and
kadam trees of the park. Water coming through the Ajan Bandh
starts filling the various ponds and lakes of the Park.
As the monsoons arrive birds from every part of the country
start pouring into the park. Migratory waterfowls, including
the pride of Keoladeo Siberian Cranes form the indispensable
part of Park. The waterfowls visit the park in millions during
the month of October. Rosy starling marks the beginning of
the arrival of migratory birds. The most noticeable waterfowl
coming to the park are bareheaded and greyleg geese.
The ducks spotted here are pintail, common teal, ruddy shelduck,
mallard, widgeon, shoveler, common shelduck, red crested pochard,
gadwall etc. predatory birds like imperial eagle, steppe and
tawny eagle, spotted eagle, marsh harrier and laggar falcon
are attracted towards the park completing the avian food chain
of the ecosystem. Some of them like short-toed eagle, lesser
spotted eagle and shikra are the residents of Park. About
11 sq. km Area of the park is covered with water the remaining
portion is rich with Kingfisher, Red Vented and white cheeked
Bulbuls, Babblers, Quails, Partridges, Sunbirds, Sparrows,
Parakeets and orioles which live in bushes and burrows. The
year round activity of the winged beauties has made the park
a pilgrimage for bird lovers and an ornithologists delight.
The animal populace also shows their presence although they
are thoroughly dominated by feathers, wings and beaks. The
animals include the Black Buck, Sambhar - the largest Indian
Antelope, Spotted deer, and Nilgais.
Pythons can also be observed at some places bask in the sun.
Vehicles are only permitted upto Shanti Kutir inside the park.
Keoladeo National Park or Bharatpur bird Sanctuary is open
to visitors throughout the year , but it is more rewarding
to visit it between August to end of March. The best way to
see the park is on foot. Other options available are to see
it on cycle or a cycle rickshaw. Both are available on hire.
Cycle rickshaw pullers have been trained by the forest department
in bird watching and are knowledgeable. Boats are also available
for a trip of the lake area. A boat trip early in the morning
or in the evening is quite a rewarding experience.
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